The interview aims to explore the clinical relevance of the IMvigor011 Phase 3 findings evaluating Tecentriq as adjuvant therapy for muscle-invasive bladder cancer in patients who remain ctDNA-positive after cystectomy. The discussion will focus on how ctDNA-guided treatment altered overall and disease-free survival outcomes, the implications of sparing ctDNA-negative patients from unnecessary therapy, the role of MRD testing in personalizing post-surgical management, and the potential impact of these results on future trial designs and real-world adoption of ctDNA-based strategies.