The Phase 1/2 study showed a mean sustained reduction of ≥87% in C3 levels and up to 100% reduction in Wieslab AP at week 24. How do these results compare with other complement-targeting therapies in IgAN, and what does this level of inhibition suggest about ARO-C3’s potential durability as a treatment?

The study reported a mean reduction in spot urine protein-to-creatinine ratio (UPCR) of 41%, with a maximum individual reduction of 89%. How meaningful is this reduction in proteinuria for delaying kidney disease progression in IgAN, and what additional data would be needed to confirm long-term efficacy?

ARO-C3 was generally well tolerated with no serious or severe treatment-emergent adverse events, and no reported infections with encapsulated organisms. Given the history of safety concerns with complement inhibitors, how reassuring are these findings, and what long-term safety data would you want to see in future studies?

With ARO-C3 achieving a mean sustained reduction of 76% in AH50 and 89% in Wieslab AP, what are the broader implications for modulating the alternative pathway in IgAN? Could complement inhibition be used in combination with other disease-modifying treatments to achieve better renal outcomes?

The study suggests that ARO-C3’s duration of effect supports dosing once every three months or less frequently. How does this compare with current treatment options for IgAN, and could a less frequent dosing schedule improve patient adherence and overall treatment experience?

Several new therapies targeting different pathways, including endothelin receptor antagonists and SGLT2 inhibitors, are in development for IgAN. Where does ARO-C3 fit into this evolving treatment landscape, and do you see complement inhibition as a frontline or adjunctive therapy?

ARO-C3 is being studied for its ability to reduce complement-mediated renal injury. Beyond IgAN, what other renal conditions could benefit from this approach, and do you see potential for ARO-C3 in broader indications such as atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome (aHUS) or lupus nephritis?

With Arrowhead planning to present additional results at a medical meeting in 2025, what key data points will regulators and clinicians be looking for to assess the viability of ARO-C3? How significant could this therapy be in reshaping treatment options for IgAN and other complement-mediated diseases?