Additional Relevant Details This double-blind, randomized study involved 40 newborn Holstein bull calves and compared the prophylactic use of Neonorm™against a placebo. Treatment administration was performed twice daily for 14 days starting on the first feeding after colostrum administration. The calves were kept for an additional 10 days after the final treatment administration for clinical observation and sample collection. Calves were housed in individual pens and feeding was restricted to saleable whole milk. Data regarding fecal dry matter were used to measure water loss due to secretory diarrhea.The study results show that calves under prophylactic administration of Neonorm™ had significantly lower water content in fecal samples at multiple measurement points, lower incidence of diarrhea, and had fewer fluid therapy interventions.Fecal scoring, which was conducted daily during the study period, indicated a significantly lower incidence of diarrhea among Neonorm™-treated calves on most treatment days than among calves in the placebo group. The study also assessed the incidence of diarrhea from days 1 to 25 of life. Calves in the Neonorm™-treated group experienced a highly significant reduction in the incidence of diarrhea during this period compared to those in the placebo group.Dehydration was assessed twice daily for all calves in the study. Results showed that severe dehydration requiring the administration of intravenous (“IV”) fluid therapy was reduced by approximately 50% in the Neonorm™-treated calves. Moreover, overall rescue therapy, requiring either oral or IV fluid administration, for both severe and moderate dehydration, was significantly reduced in the Neonorm™-treated animals.The study results complement the results of a prior study, also conducted by Jaguar in association with Cornell, that evaluated the effect of Neonorm™ on diarrhea severity and consistency in newborn Holstein bull calves experiencing diarrhea induced by enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (E. coli). The results of this earlier study were published in the official journal of the American Dairy Science Association, Journal of Dairy Science, in 2015, and the Cornell team hopes to publish the full results of the recently-completed study as well.